What is hypertension?
Hypertension is the presence of unnecessarily
increased force within the blood vessels generated by the heart consonant with
the elastic recoil of the great vessels (systolic pressure) and muscular
resiliency of the vast plexus of arterioles (diastolic pressure).¹
Hypertension is now seen as an integrated system of cardiovascular risk factors.
Mortality ration for various of systolic or diastolic blood pressure in men and
woumen is
summarized in Tabele 1.
|
Systolic |
Mortality ratio |
Diastolic |
Mortality ratio |
||
|
Men |
Women |
Men |
Women |
||
|
88-97 |
0.8 |
48-67 |
0.8 |
0.9 |
|
|
98-127 |
0.8 |
0.9 |
68-82 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
|
128-137 |
1.2 |
1.1 |
83-87 |
1.3 |
1.1 |
|
138-147 |
1.6 |
1.2 |
88-92 |
1.5 |
1.2 |
|
148-157 |
1.9 |
1.4 |
93-97 |
1.9 |
1.7 |
|
158-167 |
2.4 |
2.3 |
98-102 |
2.3 |
2.2 |
Tabele 1.
Prevalence other coronary risk factors in hypertensives²:
|
Risk factor |
% |
|
Smoking |
35 |
|
Hypercholesterolemia >240mg/dl>dl |
40/80³ |
|
Decreased HDL<40mg/dl |
25 |
|
Obesity |
40 |
|
Diabetes |
15 |
|
Hyperinsulinaemia |
50 |
|
Left ventricular hypertrophy |
30 |
|
Sedantary lifestyle |
>50 |
Effects of antihypertensive agent on coronary risk factors³
|
Coronary risk factor |
ACE |
Calcium |
Beta |
Diuretik |
Alpha |
|
Blood pressure |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
|
Cholesterol |
0 |
0 |
0 |
- |
+ |
|
HDL.chol. |
0 |
0 |
- |
0 |
0 |
|
Glucose |
+ |
0 |
- |
- |
0 |
|
Hyper- |
+ |
0 |
- |
- |
+ |
|
Hyper- |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+/0 |
+ |
|
+ positive effect |
0 neutral effect |
- negative effect |
|||
References
1.Cardiovascular pharmacology.Ravan Press.New York.1977.
2.Weber M.The American Journal of Medicine 1993;94(suppl 4a):24-31.
3.Kannel WB.European Heart Journal 1992;13 (suppl):34-42.
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