Risk factors of heart diseases
At the end of the 70's of the last century, an alarming growth, even epidemic,
of clinical sequels of atherosclerosis was identified in industrially developed
countries (Havlik, RJ., 1979). The disease research developments were carefully
followed in our country, former Yugoslavia, as well (Kozaravic D., Baric Lj.,
Vrhovec B., Janezic A., Stamenkovic Z.).
These factors, causative agents of atherosclerosis, mentioned as frequent or the
most frequent causes in a number of studies, were named the risk factors.
Leneger's school was remarkable for early detection of consequences of
atherosclerosis, classifying the risk factors as reversible, potentially
reversible and non-reversible (sex, age and genetic).
During the "CINDY" program study in Novi Sad, it was determined that increased
blood pressure was present with 28% of men and with 28.6% of women.
Among younger age categories, the number of the diseased was considerably lower
ranging between 4.7 and 6.3%. Among persons over 53 years of age, every second
person suffered from arterial hypertension.
|
AGE |
MAN |
WOMEN |
TOTAL M+W |
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
25-34 |
6,3 |
3,1 |
4,7 |
|
35-44 |
22,6 |
16,7 |
19,6 |
|
45-54 |
33,3 |
38,1 |
35,7 |
|
55-64 |
52,4 |
55,6 |
54,0 |
|
25-64 |
28,2 |
28,6 |
28,4 |
The above results were obtained based on an
overall medical examination of a chosen sample of population in Novi Sad in
1987, aged between 25 and 67, according to methods and criteria of World Health
Organization, defined under "MONIKA" Program. Similar results were obtained also
in earlier examinations within the same project in 1984 and 1976, as well as in
other places in the period 1960 -1964 (Elemir, Todi, Begejci). Based on the
above mentioned, it can be concluded that the prevalence of hypertension in
Vojvodina is high and according to WHO data it ranks amongst the highest in the
world.
In the above mentioned examinations, the primary or essential hypertension was
found with 75.3% of examinees. Most of these patients, 69.8%, suffer from a
lightly increased blood pressure. However, near one third of the examinees, i.e.
8 – 10% of fully work active adults suffer from medium, heavy and even malignant
forms of hypertension.
We should point out that every second hypertonic had manifest changes on the
heart (35% with pathologic ECG), and every fourth had cerebrovascular disorders,
and more than two third had changes on the eye base.
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